The terms web designer and web
developer are used interchangeably in the media and advertisements. But, they
are not the same thing. Design involves what the visitor sees on your website,
development involves the site’s functionality. This article explores the
difference between these two disciplines.
A website contains several distinct
aspects:
- Look
and feel
– primarily the graphics, color scheme, navigation elements, etc.
- Content
– information, products, etc available on the site.
- Functionality
– functionality includes interactive features that the web site provides
to the visitors and the required infrastructure needed to provide them.
- Usability
– the site from a visitor’s perspective and includes things like program interactions,
navigation and usefulness.
Look And Feel
Look and feel includes overall
appearance of the website. A Graphic designer decides on what colors and fonts
to use and how to layout each of the sites pages.
The graphic designer needs to have a
good appreciation for aesthetics and feeling for what combinations of colors
and imagery will project the image that the website owner wants visitors to
have of the site.
Content
Content is all of the text that is
found on a website and includes everything from the privacy policy to a very
persuasive sales letter extolling the benefits of a product and asking the
visitor to part with their hard earned money and everything in between. If it
is written text then it is part of the content. You need a copywriter and
editor to create good content.
Functionality
Functionality includes all of the
interactive aspects of a web site and includes animation. The common
denominator is that programmers using the various web programming languages
that work either on a web server or in a web browser create all of these
functions.
Flash can be used to animate graphics.
Perl, php and java are programming languages used on the web server to create
sophisticated dynamic web pages. These pages can work independently but most
commonly with a database to create all of the features we have come to expect
from a website.
JavaScript is used in browser to create
a lot of cool effects such as swapping images when a mouse moves over an image,
“ticker tapes”, links changing colors, etc. JavaScript works in the user’s web
browser rather than on the web server.
There are also other “backend”
applications that are transparent to the visitor such as form processing,
content management and other administration programs that make it possible for
non-programmers to maintain some aspects of the website’s data.
All of these programs have to be
integrated into the HTML code to be used on the webpage.
Usability
Usability is the website viewed from the user’s point of view and involves
mostly testing things like:
- Does
the look and feel are actually portraying the proper image?
- Is
the navigation is user friendly?
- Does
the navigation lead the visitor to where the owner wants them to go?
- Does
the site load quickly?
- Do
the applications work properly?
Design versus Development
Unfortunately, there is a lot of
overlap and integration needed between web design and web development. When you
toss in content creation and usability testing, it becomes a real mess.
Can a single individual do all of these
things? There are some people who can do all of these things but most people only
do one or two of the tasks.
Web design usually involves content
creation and look and feel while web development involves creating the
functionality and testing its usability.
Web designers need to be proficient
with graphic design tools like Photoshop. Most also know HTML so they can
implement their designs. However, using animation on the site and layout for
the site’s content are also part of the web designer’s responsibility.
Many site owners provide the content
for the website but a web designer needs to be able to edit and even rewrite
the content if necessary. Web designers also normally do the usability testing
for the navigation and site loading speed.
Web development programmers create the
functionality for the website, but all of that functionality must be integrated
into the HTML pages on the site. Alternatively, the HTML content could also be
integrated into the program. Web developers also do usability testing on the site,
at least for the functionality they create. So the programmer also needs to have
some HTML knowledge as well.
In case, the web designer and web
development programmer need to work together to assure that the website does
everything that the site owner requested.
Bottom Line – Only large
companies can afford to hire separate experts in graphic design, content
creation, programming and usability testing when building a new website. In
most other cases, the web designer and web development programmer are two
different people who must work together to create a successful website.